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The T-54 series was developed from 1945 at Zavod No 183 in Nizhny Tagil under the supevision of A.A.Morozov. It was based on the earlier T-44, modified prototypes of which were built under the designation Obiekt 137 and extensively field trialled in 1945. The T-54 featured a modified hull, new cast turret and significantly improved transmission components, which improved reliability in comparison with the earlier T-44. The T-54 series entered production at Uralvagonzavod (Zavod No 183) in 1946. The T-54 was subsequently produced in huge numbers both for the Soviet Army and for export. It was manufactured in several models, all of which underwent several upgrade programmes during the T-54’s long service life. Numerous specialised tanks were also produced, including bridge layers and flame-thrower tanks, while many other vehicles such as the ZSU-57-2 SPAAG were based on T-54 chassis. V-54 diesel 520hp.
1) Museé Des Blindés, Saumur, France
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Unique ID: |
967
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Model 1946
The Model 1946 was the first pre-series production model of the T-54 series. Developed from the T-44 by A. A. Morozov’s design team since early 1945 under the prototype designation Obiekt 137, this model is also known as the T-54-1. It was produced at Zavod No 183 and entered service with the Soviet Army in 1947. The tank is easily identified by the turret which has undercuts at the front and rear and has a wide gun mantlet. The T-54 M-1946 was produced between 1947 and 1949. The SU-122-54 SPG and SPK-12G and MTU-12 specialised engineering vehicles were based on this chassis. The T-54 M-1946 was produced in small numbers only and few remain today.
2) Kubinka NIIBT Research Collection - Soviet Vehicles, Kubinka, Russia
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Unique ID: |
479
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Collection number 208 painted on left turret side.
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Model 1949
The T-54 M-1949 was a modification of the original T-54 M-1946, also developed by the A. A. Morozov design bureau. It entered service with the Soviet Army in 1950. As with the M-1946, this model was produced in relatively small numbers only between 1949 and 1951. The most distinctive feature of the T-54 M-1949 (also known as the T-54-2) is the new turret with the definitive “pig snout” mantlet but still featuring a turret rear undercut. Other changes included the use of a 12.7mm DShKM heavy AA MG in place of the earlier DShK and new 580mm tracks. The tank was later modified with the “Tsiklon” (cyclone) gun stabilisation system, V-55 engine and other upgrades.
3) Kubinka NIIBT Research Collection - Soviet Vehicles, Kubinka, Russia
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480
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Collection number 209 painted on left turret side.
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Model 1951
The T-54 M-1951 (T-54-3) was similar to the earlier models, the main distinguishing feature being the introduction of a modified cast turret with no undercuts front or rear. The tank had a D-10T gun fitted with the “Tsiklon” gun stabilisation system as standard. The gun barrel originally had no counterweight or bore evacuator. Other detail changes included the fitting of night vision equipment and mounting points for mine rollers. The tank had a slightly shorter hull than the previous model. The T-54 M-1951 became the definitive production model of the T-54 series. It was series produced from 1952 to 1955 before being modernised as the T-54A. In later years a number of these tank were upgraded with a T-55 turret and other modificationsas the T-54M.
4) Muzeum Broni Pancernej, Centrum Szkolenia Wojsk Lądowych, Poland
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428
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Polish Eagle markings painted on turret sides.
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This pristine condition T-54 is located within the museum buildings at the museum (source: E. Muikku).
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T-54A
The T-54A entered service with the Soviet Army in 1955 and remained in production for two years before being replaced in production by the T-55 series. The T-54A was a modernisation of the T-54 the design for which was carried out by the L. N. Kartsev design bureau at Zavod No 183 in 1955 under the designation Obiekt 137G. The tank was fitted with dual-axis gun stabilisation, new sights and other modifications. The most distinctive feature which distinguishes the T-54A from earlier models is the fitting of a muzzle brake and bore evacuator on the end of the barrel. It also had vertical plane gun stabilisation and TVN-1 night vision eqipment for the driver. In 1957 the T-54B was introduced, fitted with IR night vision equipment, while in 1958 the T-54A underwent a modernisation programme at tank repair factories, resulting in the T-54A(M) fitted with new tracks, passive armour protection and an uprated V-55 engine.
The T-54 underwent numerous design modifications, modernisation programmes and capital repair during its service life, such that it is often difficult to exactly designate a particular model due to constant upgrade of its appearance. The T-54 was replaced in production by the modified T 55 in 1955. The T-54 has served in almost every conflict world-wide.
5) Isle of Wight Military History Museum, Cowes, Britain
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2299
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“601-15 M6520-6749 1-129”? stamped into upper glacis. “30 332”? and grid stamped into lower glacis.
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“5274” painted on turret sides and glacis splash board. Czech insignia painted on turret sides. Grid and other markings stamped into left turret side.
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6) Kubinka NIIBT Research Collection - Soviet Vehicles, Kubinka, Russia
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481
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Collection number 210 painted on left turret side.
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7) Kubinka NIIBT Research Collection - Reserve Collection, Kubinka, Russia
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Unique ID: |
663
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Turret number “201” and Guards insignia.
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8) Solitary Vehicles, Aberdeen Proving Ground, USA
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Unique ID: |
763
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Camouflage paint scheme.
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9) Panzermuseum, Thun, Switzerland
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823
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“417” and Polish national markings painted on turret sides.
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10) Museé Des Blindés, Saumur, France
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Unique ID: |
894
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11) National Armor and Cavalry Museum, Fort Benning, USA
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1180
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T-54A(M)
T-54A with IR equipment.
12) The Tank Museum - Public Areas, Bovington, Britain
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1971
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“540?...?” stamped into glacis. “540 09” (source: Museum Vehicle Record).
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A grid of markings is stamped into the glacis.
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T-54B
The T-54B (Obiekt 137G) was developed by the Kartsev bureau at Zavod No 183 as a major upgrade of the T-54A on which it was based. The T-54B entered series production in 1956. The T-54B had several major mprovements, including two axis gun stabilisation, a new TSh2B-32 main gun sight, uprated V-54B/V-55 engine, live track and an R-123 radio set. OPVT wading system.
T-54M
The T-54M was a hybrid upgrade, being basically a T-54 fitted many featured form the later T-55 series, including the turret and mechanical features of the later tank.
13) Fort IX Czerniaków, Mokotów, Poland
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Unique ID: |
387
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“8002” and Polish diamond insignia painted on turret sides.
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T-54A
Czechoslovak manufacture.
| Model Id: | 2509 | | Manufacture: | Czech Republic (Manufactured under licence)
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14) Royal Tank Museum, Aqaba, Jordan
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Unique ID: |
2175
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