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The KV-1 (Klimenti-Voroshilov-1) was developed under the direction of Zh Ya Kotin at the SKB-2 design bureau at the Kirovsky Tank Plant in Leningrad. It was accepted for series production for the Russian Army in December 1939 and was produced in several versions with constant upgrading of the armament, armour and mechanical components. Relatively few KV-1’s survived the war. The Russian Army did not readily distinguish production models of the KV-1, so the year and type provided here are generally accepted descriptions, not Russian definitions. The KV-1 “A”, “B” and “C” references are Western designations, base on wartime German intelligence reports. In total 4800 KV tanks of all types were produced.
| Model Id: | 2770 | | Manufacture: | |
1) Museé Des Blindés, Saumur, France
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966
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Model 1941 (Welded Turret)
The early M-1940 and M-1941’s were provided with a welded steel turret of which there are several types, differing in dimensions and detail, particularly with regard to the rear turret bustle overhang. Late in 1941 the KV-1 received a cast turret.
Model 1941 (Cast Turret)
In November 1941, the LKZ plant was evacuated to Chelyabisk and by October 1941 was producing a modifid tank with a cast turret, 76.2mm ZiS-5 gun and a simplified hull design. The new cast turret which was easier to produce and provided heavier, more consistent armour protection than the original welded design.
2) The Tank Museum - Public Areas, Bovington, Britain
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1937
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11306: “11306” engraved into the glacis.
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“716” and a patriotic slogan painted on turret sides. Painted overall in a whitewash (previously overall green).
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3) U.S. Army Ordnance Museum, Aberdeen Proving Ground, USA
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677
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Model 1941 E (S Ekranami)
The KV-1 M-1941 E (Ekranirovanniy bronney - added armour) was developed as a result of experiences on the Finnish Front where the relatively light side armour of the original KV welded turret was found to be vulnerable to well placed anti-tank fire. The turret was consequentlyup-armoured using 25-35mmarmour plates secured to the turret with large bolts. The resulting gap was normally filled with sheet steel. On some tanks plates were also mounted on the hull above and below the track guards. The additional armour was an effective stopgap measure pending the introduction of the new cast turret design. From July-September 1941, some 25% of all KV's were so modified. New roadwheels were also simultaneously used to reduce weight.
Model 1942
The Model 1942 has a cast turret of a later, up-armoured type, most easily distinguished by the armoured ring around the rear turret machine gun. Some of these later tanks also featured the sloped rear deck of the KV-1S, which slightly reduced overall weight.
4) Fort IX Czerniaków, Mokotów, Poland
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Unique ID: |
2226
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