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Location Category ID:
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2430
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Added to Database:
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9 May 2010
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Last Edited:
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9 May 2010
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Address: |
55 ulitsa Svobody, 603003 Nizhniy Novgorod
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Telephone: |
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Email: |
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Opening Times: |
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Official Website: |
Krasnoye Sormovo
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Other Links: |
Wikipedia
Krasnoye Sormovo Shipyard
GlobalSecurity
Panoramio
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Latitude, Longitude: |
56.36231732
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43.86293113
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Location Accuracy: |
7
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Tanks Previously Here: |
Tanks confirmed built here:
1: T-34-85 Tank - Muzeum Broni Pancernej, Centrum Szkolenia Wojsk Lądowych, Poznań, Wielkopolskie, Poland (Built at Gorky ca January 1945)
2: T-34-85 Tank - Lubuskie Muzeum Wojskowe, Drzonów, Zielonogórski, Lubuskie, Poland (Chassis produced end 1944)
Models of tank built here:
1: T-34 Tank - Model 1942 (Secondary manufacturer October 1941-)
2: T-34-85 Tank - Model 1945 (Krasnoyo Sormovo) (Sole manufacturer 1945-)
3: KS Tank (FT rebuilt as KS 1919-20)
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Krasnoye Sormovo Factory, No. 112, named after Andrei Zhdanov and one of the oldest shipbuilding factories in the Soviet Union, is located in the Sormovsky City District of Nizhny Novgorod (previously known as Gorky). The factory was established in 1849 as the Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory. In 1851, it began the construction of steamers, and three years later it began production of screw schooners. It later produced dredgers, steam ships and cargo ships and in total built 489 ships between 1849 and 1918. It also produced steam engines, carriages, steam locomotives, tramcars, bridges, diesel engines, cannons, pontoons, and projectiles.
From 1898 the chief products were steam locomotives, although the plant continued building river paddle steamers for Volga service and other industrial products. The factory had close connections with Krauss Lokomotive Werke in Munich, Germany, until the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. Krauss sold its first steam locomotive to Sormovo in 1884. Between 1898 and 1917 the Sormovo Works built 2164 steam locomotives, and another 1111 between 1918 and 1935, after which the factory switched to making submarine diesel motors.
During the Russian Civil War of 1918-1920, the Nizhny Novgorod Machine Factory built armoured trains, armoured carriages, and weapons for the vessels of the Volga Military Flotilla. In 1920, the factory remanufactured fourteen burnt-out French Renault FT tanks for the Red Army, the ‘Russkiy Renos’. In 1922, it changed its name to the Krasnoye Sormovo Factory. During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, it produced T-34 tanks; the turret for the upgunned T-34-85 was designed there by V. Kerichev in 1943.
After the War, steam locomotive production resumed and 411 steam locomotives were built betweem 1947 and 1951. The factory also switched to sectional and large-block construction of ships, sea and river tankers, and dredgers. It was one of the most progressive and innovative factories in the USSR; it built the first Soviet industrial device for the continuous pouring of steel, and developed an automated process for pouring and cutting slabs with the use of radio-isotope technology. It produced the first Soviet hydrofoils (Raketa), designed and built the passenger diesel-electric ships ‘Lenin’ and ‘Soviet Union’, the first high-speed passenger hovercraft ‘Sormovich’, some diesel-electric railroad ferries for the Baku-Krasnovodsk route, and a unique 250-tonne double-hulled floating crane ‘Kyor-Ogly’.
The Krasnoye Sormovo Factory was awarded two Orders of Lenin (in 1943 and 1949) and various other decorations. It exists to this day and is now a part of the United Machinebuilding Factories Corporation.
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